Analytical Essay Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - 2084 Words

CSB332 Analytical essay Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was a disease that was thought to have a rare occurrence in children and adolescents a couple decades ago. Nevertheless, researchers have begun to observe the rise in type 2 diabetes mellitus in both adults and children (1). Even though type 1 diabetes mellitus is still the main form of the disease in young people, it is most likely that type 2 diabetes mellitus will prevail in young patients in the near future. Type 2 diabetes mellitus has already been presented in children from a number of different countries, including Australia, America, India, Japan and England http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/27/7/1798.long#content-block). In addition, T2DM has been linked†¦show more content†¦These conditions can include cardiovascular disease, renal disease, loss of vision and in serious cases limb amputations can occur. All these conditions contribute morbidity and mortality in individuals with T2DM. While the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in young people is increasing and cannot be reversed, our society will have to face major challenges in preventing and treating this disease. Although there are many studies carried out and resources put forth to those who have T2DM, most of them are based off patients who are adults. Not many studies have been conducted on younger patients as the prevalence of this disease in children has occurred in recent years. Therefore, studies about treating T2DM in children and adolescent are limited making it more difficult to treat children than adults. Aetiology and pathophysiology Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that is characterised by hyperglycaemia. This is a result from a deficiency in insulin action and secretion. Symptoms of hyperglycaemia include polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss, blurred vision and on some occasions, polyphagia. If the disease becomes chronic is patients, it can lead to dysfunction, long-term damage and failure of organs http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2613584/?report=classic. The development of diabetes mellitus has several processes. These processes include autoimmune destruction of ÃŽ ²-cells of the pancreas which consequently causes